![complete anatomy of hip joint complete anatomy of hip joint](https://etc.usf.edu/clipart/53500/53523/53523_hip_md.gif)
![complete anatomy of hip joint complete anatomy of hip joint](https://etc.usf.edu/clipart/53500/53526/53526_hip_lg.gif)
The pelvic cavity is the space within the pelvic girdle it contains abdominal and pelvic organs, which are protected by the pelvic girdle. The pelvic girdle transmits body weight from the axial skeleton to the lower extremities and provides attachment to a large number of muscles and ligaments. In female individuals, the pelvis additionally accommodates the birth canal and therefore is larger and wider than in male individuals. Each hip bone consists of three fused bones: the ilium, ischium, and pubis. These bones are firmly connected by the pubic symphysis anteriorly and the sacrococcygeal and sacroiliac joints posteriorly. These structures can be at risk for injury, secondary to injury to the hip joint, thus compromising the blood and nerve supply to the lower leg.The bony pelvis ( pelvic girdle) is composed of the two hip bones, the sacrum, and the coccyx. In the lower limb, arteries & veins providing blood supply & venous drainage and nerves providing nerve supply to the lower leg travel in close relation to the hip joint.Various connective tissue bands, such as, ligaments and tendons, add more stability and reinforce the hip joint in the body.Also, the articular cartilage helps as a shock absorber and helps to prevent the bones from rubbing against each other resulting in injury. The smooth and soft articular cartilage lining the acetabulum and covering the head of femur helps with easy sliding of the bones against each other and allows an easy range of motion.The hollow of the acetabulum is also lined by the same soft, smooth articular cartilage. The head of femur is covered by articular cartilage and has a soft, smooth, and rubbery consistency.The synovium has fluid called synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint and helps with the smooth rolling of bones in the joint on one another during movement.This joint capsule is a watertight sac surrounding the hip, formed by the strong ligaments of the hip joint. The hip joint is enclosed in or surrounded by a joint capsule, which is known as a synovium.The round femoral head is attached to the rest of the femur bone through a piece of connecting bone called neck of femur.The ball and socket arrangement of hip joint offers stability and good range of motion to the hip joint.
![complete anatomy of hip joint complete anatomy of hip joint](http://oerpub.github.io/epubjs-demo-book/resources/916_Hip_Joint.jpg)
![complete anatomy of hip joint complete anatomy of hip joint](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/hipjoint-140210053419-phpapp01/95/slide-5-1024.jpg)
The head of femur sits in the hollow acetabulum forming the hip joint. The socket is a hollow on the side of the pelvis called acetabulum. The hip joint is a ball and socket joint, in which the ball of the joint is formed by the round head of femur. The hip joint is formed by the thigh bone (femur) and the hip bone (pelvis).Patient/caregiver was instructed upon anatomy of hip joint as follows: